Lecture 20:断开长难句之分析主谓
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Lecture 20:断开长难句之分析主谓
20.1 主谓模型
20.1.1 基本概念
分析主谓
- 原因:
- 有时在句子中,没有标点和连接词,因此需要分析主谓来断开长难句;
- 核心:
- 先找谓语动词 -> 谓语动词前面的就是主语 -> 找到了主谓结构;
- 模型:
-
- 主谓主谓;
-
- 主主谓谓;
-
- 主谓主谓主谓(少见);
-
- 总结:
-
- 只要在句子中遇到了名词+主谓,这个就是就是一个定语从句,此时可以往前翻译成
...样的+名词;
- 只要在句子中遇到了名词+主谓,这个就是就是一个定语从句,此时可以往前翻译成
-
- 如果是主谓主谓主谓,将三个主谓依次断开即可;
-
两种模型:主谓主谓
- 含义:
- 前面主谓是一件事情,后背的主谓是一件事;
- 前面的主谓是主句,后背的主谓是从句;
- 推导:
- 前后有两件事,所以肯定一个主句、一个从句;
- 假设前一半是从句 -> 作为主语 -> 主语从句 -> 因此后背不需要主语 -> 所以前面的句子不能是从句 -> 所以前面的主谓是主句,后背的是从句;
两种模型:主主谓谓
- 含义:
- 里面小的主谓是从句;
- 外面大的主… 谓是主句;
20.1.2 分析举例
举例
- The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning…
- 两谓语动词,分成两段;
- 结构:主谓主谓
- 主句:The lASB says
- 从句:it does not want to act without overall planning. 宾语从句
- Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share…
- 谓语动词:was、share
- 结构:主谓主谓
- 主句:Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption
- 从句:we all share
- 结论:只要在句子中遇到了名词+主谓,这个就是就是一个定语从句,此时可以往前翻译成
...样的+名词;
- When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law itshapes is inescapably political…
- 谓语动词:三个,deals、shapes、is
- 有标点;有连接词 When ;
- 第一次断开:
- When the court deals with social policy decisions;一个谓语动词,已经断开完成;
- The law it shapes is inescapably political.. ;两个谓语动词:shapes 和 is ,还需要继续断开;
- 第二次断开:分析主谓
- the law it shapes is inescapably political…
- 结构:主主谓谓
- 从句:it shapes -> 修饰 the law -> 定语从句;
- 主句:the law … Is inescapably political
- The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing’s impact stems from abroad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.
- 谓语动词:approach、means、stems
- 连接词:that
- 第一次断开:
- The way consumers now approach the process of makingpurchase decisions means -> 两个谓语动词,还需要断开;
- that marketing’s impact stems from a broad range of factorsbeyond conventional paid media.
- 分析主谓:The way consumers now approach the process of makingpurchase decisions means
- approach 的主语:consumers
- means 的主语:The way ?!
- 结构:主主谓谓
- 主句:The way … Means
- 从句:consumers now approach the process of makingpurchase decisions
- 其他:that marketing’s impact stems from a broad range of factorsbeyond conventional paid media
20.2 考察攻略
攻略 1:断开长难句只看谓语动词,不考虑非谓语动词
- 内容:
- 真题当中,只考虑谓语动词;
- 关注谓语动词的两个内容:
-
- 位置;
-
- 数量;
-
- 举例:
- …an inability to consider the big picture was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.
- 谓语动词:was leading、were working -> 两件事,断开成两段;
- 主谓主谓结构,后一段是定语从句:they were working with
- …an inability to consider the big picture was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.
攻略 2:找的时候先找从句,看的时候先看主句
- 举例:
- The Dutch qiant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of thescientific papers produced in the world, made profits of morethan £900 m last year, while Uk universities alone spent morethan £210 m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their ownpublicly funded research…
- 谓语动词:claims、made、spent
- produced 是非谓语
<-论文被生成出来; - funded 是非谓语
<-被资助的研究;
- produced 是非谓语
- 断开:
- 主句:The Dutch qiant Elsevier … made profits of morethan £900 m last year
- 从句:which claims to publish 25% of thescientific papers produced in the world
- 从句(对比):while Uk universities alone spent morethan £210 m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their ownpublicly funded research
- 谓语动词:claims、made、spent
- The Dutch qiant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of thescientific papers produced in the world, made profits of morethan £900 m last year, while Uk universities alone spent morethan £210 m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their ownpublicly funded research…
攻略 3:分清主句和从句,帮助解题得分
- 观点题
- 两种考法:
- 考发出观点的人
- 没说是谁的,都是作者的观点;
- 说了是谁的,都可以在原文中找到;
- 考发出观点的细节
- 考发出观点的人
- 两种考法:
- 举例:
- The author believes that the devoted concertgoers___
- 前面一半是主句:The author believes
- 后面一般是从句:that the devoted concertgoers
- 这句话考的是:
- 作者的观点…
- 从句里面的具体观点…
- 上面问题的对应句子:
- Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for liveperformance are missing the point.
- 主句:Devoted concertgoers… Are missing the point
- 从句:who reply that recordings are no substitute for liveperformance
- 从句里面是观众的观点,主句里面是作者的观点;
- The author believes that the devoted concertgoers___
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Lecture 20:断开长难句之分析主谓
https://example.com/posts/notes/英语/01_语法/03_长难句分析/lecture-20断开长难句之分析主谓/
